1. What is the main thesis of this chapter from Hodges' book on the Abbasid caliphate?
2. What is the evidence that historians have today about the nature of Abbasid Baghdad? How do we know what we know about this city at that
time?3. What was the role of the "caliph" in the West, and how did one become chosen as caliph?
4. How did the "concept of Dhimma in early Islam, as discussed by Bosworth, change in practice in Umayyad or Abbasid times?