Study Guide for Ortayli, "The Problem of Nationalities in the Ottoman Empire Following the Second Siege of Vienna"

• Ilber Ortayli received his MA from the University of Chicago and his PhD from the University of Ankara (Turkey). He is head of the Department of Administrative History at the Faculty of Political Science of Ankara University. He has written a number of books on Ottoman Administrative History, all in Turkish.
• What does Ortayli mean by "Problem" in this essay?
• Did the position of non-Muslims in the Ottoman Empire change during the 18th century?
• What does Ortayli actually mean by the term "nationalities"?